Varmint / Predator Calibers (.223 Rem, .22-250, .243 Win)
For coyotes, groundhogs, and similar small predators/varmints -- fast, flat-shooting calibers built for precision on small targets, not big game.
Runner-up: Deer-Class Medium Calibers · Retake the quiz
Why this fits you
- You're hunting coyotes, groundhogs, or similar small predators/varmints.
- You want a flat trajectory and minimal recoil for precision shots.
- This is not for deer or larger game -- energy is intentionally lighter.
Varmint and predator calibers like .223 Rem, .22-250, and .243 Win are built for flat trajectory and precision on small targets at moderate range, with much lighter recoil and energy than deer-class rounds. These are purpose-built for varmint and predator hunting, not deer or larger game -- using them on bigger game risks an inadequate, unethical hit even at close range.
How it compares
| Caliber class | Typical energy range | Best for |
| Varmint / Predator Calibers | Lower (varmint-focused) | Coyotes, groundhogs, small predators |
| Deer-Class Medium Calibers | Moderate (1,500-2,500 ft-lb typical) | Whitetail, mule deer |
| Elk / Large-Game Calibers | High (2,500-3,500+ ft-lb typical) | Elk, moose, large game |
| Dangerous-Game Calibers | Very high, maximum penetration | Brown bear, African dangerous game |
Buying checklist
- Confirm your specific caliber's legal status for your target species and state -- some states restrict small-caliber centerfires for certain game
- Not appropriate for deer-sized game or larger, regardless of shot placement confidence
- Flat trajectory makes these excellent for the longer, precise shots typical of varmint hunting
When this isn’t the right fit
Varmint and predator calibers are not for deer-sized or larger game, whatever your confidence in your shot placement, and some states restrict small calibers for big game. They suit small targets and precise shots, not the energy that big game needs.
Other results from this quiz may suit your situation better:
- Dangerous-Game Calibers (.375 H&H, .416 Rigby, .458 Win Mag): for large, potentially dangerous game like brown bear or African plains/dangerous game
- Elk / Large-Game Calibers (.300 Win Mag, .338 Win Mag, 7mm Rem Mag): for elk, moose, and larger North American game
- Deer-Class Medium Calibers (.270 Win, .308 Win, .30-06): for whitetail, mule deer, and similar-sized game
Hunting regulations, legal calibers, shot types and seasons are set by your state or country, and they change. Check the current rules and take a hunter education course before you hunt.
Run the numbers
Frequently asked questions
Can I use .223 for deer hunting?
Many states restrict or prohibit small-caliber centerfires like .223 for deer specifically because they're generally considered inadequate for ethical, reliable kills on deer-sized game -- check your state's regulations, and this caliber class isn't recommended for deer regardless of legality.
Why do varmint calibers have such flat trajectories?
High velocity and light, aerodynamic bullets are optimized for accuracy at range on small targets, producing less bullet drop over typical varmint hunting distances than heavier, slower big-game rounds.
Is .243 Win sometimes used for deer?
Yes, .243 Win sits near the boundary and is legal and used for deer in many states, though it's on the lighter end for deer-sized game and shot placement matters more than with a heavier-hitting caliber.
Not happy with our calculations or how it works? Let us know.
Don't see a calculator you need? Let us know.